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Personal Risk and Protective Factors Involved in Aggressive Behavior
Raquel Gómez-Leal1, Alberto Megías-Robles1, María José Gutiérrez-Cobo2
1University of Málaga, Spain.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
|June 13, 2020
Summary
Emotional intelligence and empathy act as protective factors against aggression, while impulsivity and negative affect are key risk factors. Understanding these elements aids in developing effective aggression prevention and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Aggression has significant negative consequences for individuals and society.
- The General Aggression Model (GAM) frames aggression as a result of personal/situational inputs, internal states, and decision outcomes.
- Identifying factors influencing aggression is crucial for prevention and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate personal protective and risk factors associated with aggressive behavior.
- To examine these factors within the input stage of the General Aggression Model (GAM).
Main Methods:
- A study involving 282 young adult participants.
- Assessment of aggression levels and related variables.
- Stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify significant predictors.
Main Results:
- Aggression levels were significantly associated with protective factors: emotional intelligence (EI) and empathy (perspective-taking, personal distress).
- Key risk factors identified: impulsivity (negative/positive urgency), empathy (fantasy), negative affect, and emotion suppression.
- These factors explained 73.2% of the variance in aggression.
Conclusions:
- Findings enhance understanding of the mechanisms underlying aggressive behavior.
- Results provide empirical support for theoretical models of aggression.
- The study can inform the development of targeted prevention and intervention programs for aggression.
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