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Synthetic foldamers were designed using squaramide rings that self-assemble via π-π stacking interactions. These novel structures exhibit a "Turn-Stack-Turn" motif, mimicking biological systems and presenting synthetic challenges.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Organic chemistry
  • Computational chemistry

Background:

  • Noncovalent interactions are crucial for molecular folding and assembly.
  • Flexible molecules present unique challenges in predicting three-dimensional structures.
  • Squaramide rings are explored for their self-assembly properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design novel synthetic foldamers utilizing squaramide self-assembly.
  • To investigate the folding behavior and structural motifs of squaramide-based foldamers.
  • To explore the potential of these foldamers in mimicking biological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed.
  • Analysis of π-π stacking interactions between squaramide rings.
  • Investigation of relative energies concerning dihedral angle variations in foldamers.

Main Results:

  • Squaramide rings form slipped antiparallel π-stacked dimers with high propensity.
  • Foldamers incorporating methylene bridges exhibit asymmetric folding potentials.
  • Higher-order structures with a
  • Turn-Stack-Turn
  • motif were formed.
  • Aggregation of folded structures is energetically favored over unfolded states.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully designed synthetic foldamers with a predictable "Turn-Stack-Turn" motif.
  • These foldamers show potential for mimicking biological systems.
  • The synthetic accessibility of methylene-bridged squaramide rings presents an area for future research.