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On the Interaction between 1D Materials and Living Cells.

Giuseppe Arrabito1, Yana Aleeva2, Vittorio Ferrara3

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One-dimensional (1D) materials offer advanced bioelectronic tools for cellular investigations and therapies. This review details their diverse biological applications, material properties, and future potential in biointerfacing.

Keywords:
1D materialsCNTsbioelectronicsbiointerfacephotocatalysispolymersregenerative medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Bioelectronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • One-dimensional (1D) materials are pivotal in advancing biological applications, enabling precise cellular manipulation and investigation.
  • Recent innovations in biointerfaces integrate 1D materials for sub-cellular resolution stimuli, mimicking the extracellular matrix.
  • The field has seen significant growth, driven by the development of novel 1D nanomaterials and microscale structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of 1D nano- and microscale materials used in biological applications.
  • To analyze the correlation between 1D material chemistry and biological responses.
  • To highlight emerging applications, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives in 1D material-based biointerfacing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical models for 1D material/cell interface interactions.
  • Systematic survey of inorganic, organic, and biomolecular 1D materials in biological contexts.
  • Analysis of structure-property-function relationships for diverse 1D bio-interfaces.

Main Results:

  • Identified a wide array of 1D materials (inorganic, organic, biomolecular) with diverse biological applications.
  • Detailed the specific biological responses elicited by different 1D material chemistries.
  • Highlighted key advantages and challenges associated with each class of 1D materials.

Conclusions:

  • 1D materials represent a versatile platform for advanced biological applications, from single-cell studies to tissue engineering.
  • Understanding the chemistry-biology interplay is crucial for optimizing material design and application efficacy.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming current challenges to fully exploit the potential of 1D materials in biointerfacing.