Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins
08:12

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins

Published on: January 8, 2018

11.7K

Regulating tumor suppressor genes: post-translational modifications

Ling Chen1,2, Shuang Liu3, Yongguang Tao4,5,6

  • 1Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
|June 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Tumor suppressor genes like Rb, p53, and PTEN are regulated by reversible post-translational modifications (PTMs). These PTMs form complex networks influencing cell state and are crucial targets for cancer therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) such as retinoblastoma (Rb), p53, and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) are critical in preventing cancer.
  • These proteins are functionally interconnected and their activities are modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs).
  • PTMs, including phosphorylation, SUMOylation, and acetylation, act as regulatory switches for normal cellular processes like cell cycle control and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the necessity, characteristics, and mechanisms of PTMs on Rb, p53, and PTEN.
  • To elucidate how these modifications influence the precise and selective functions of these tumor suppressors.
  • To discuss the potential of Rb, p53, and PTEN as predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on post-translational modifications of Rb, p53, and PTEN.
  • Analysis of the functional interplay between these TSGs and their regulatory PTMs.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on the role of PTMs in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy.

Main Results:

  • PTMs play a crucial role in regulating the function of key tumor suppressors, Rb, p53, and PTEN.
  • The interactions and modifications of TSGs form complex networks that can lead to abnormal cell proliferation and cancer.
  • TSGs exhibit frequent alterations in cancer, highlighting their significance.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the PTMs of Rb, p53, and PTEN is essential for comprehending their roles in cancer development.
  • Targeting these modified tumor suppressors offers promising avenues for novel cancer therapies.
  • Rb, p53, and PTEN are valuable targets for predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies in oncology.

More Related Videos

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches05:56

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches

Published on: October 13, 2022

1.6K
In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells09:40

In Vivo Detection and Analysis of Rb Protein SUMOylation in Human Cells

Published on: November 2, 2017

7.6K

Related Concept Videos

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
5.7K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
8.5K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.3K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.0K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.5K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.3K