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COVID-19 and the heart: An update for clinicians

Ahmed Goha1,2, Kenechukwu Mezue2,3, Paul Edwards2

  • 1Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Clinical Cardiology
|June 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) significantly impacts cardiovascular health, increasing risks for patients with existing heart conditions. Understanding COVID-19

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has profound implications for cardiovascular healthcare.
  • Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease face elevated risks of severe illness and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The virus can directly and indirectly harm the heart, leading to various cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted cardiovascular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To investigate the role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in COVID-19 pathogenesis and prognosis.
  • To inform optimal patient management strategies by enhancing understanding of COVID-19's cardiac effects.

Main Methods:

  • This study synthesizes current knowledge on cardiovascular complications associated with SARS-CoV-2.
  • It reviews the direct and indirect mechanisms by which the virus affects the cardiovascular system.
  • The analysis includes the potential impact of COVID-19 therapeutics and RAAS modulation on cardiac health.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute coronary syndromes, heart failure, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism.
  • Investigational COVID-19 therapeutics may present adverse cardiac effects.
  • The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is implicated in viral entry and disease progression, necessitating consideration of RAAS-modulating medications.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive knowledge of COVID-19's cardiovascular manifestations is crucial for effective patient care.
  • Understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the RAAS is vital for managing patients with cardiovascular disease.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment and mitigate cardiac risks in COVID-19 patients.

Keywords:
COVID-19NSAIDRAASacute myocardial injurymyocaritis

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