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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
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Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
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Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication01:30

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

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Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...
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Associative Learning01:27

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Engineering Education via WebVR-Based Online Laboratories
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Continuous learning through platforms.

Dolors Soy-Muner1

  • 1Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona. España. dsoy@clinic.cat.

Farmacia Hospitalaria : Organo Oficial De Expresion Cientifica De La Sociedad Espanola De Farmacia Hospitalaria
|June 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift to online training for pharmacy education, including undergraduate and postgraduate programs. Online platforms proved essential for continuing education and disseminating critical information on SARS-CoV-2 management.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Education
  • Online Learning
  • Public Health Crises

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly disrupted traditional face-to-face training in pharmacy education.
  • Suspension of in-person activities necessitated the rapid adoption of alternative educational methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role and impact of online training in pharmacy education during the COVID-19 health crisis.
  • To highlight the adaptation of undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing education in pharmacy.

Main Methods:

  • Transition from face-to-face to online teaching, virtual classes, and webinars.
  • Collaboration between pharmacy societies and academic institutions to ensure educational continuity.
  • Utilizing institutional websites for disseminating updated information and educational materials.

Main Results:

  • Online training emerged as a flexible and operational solution for undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing pharmacy education.
  • Pharmacy residency programs adapted to incorporate new clinical and research activities required by the pandemic.
  • The Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy actively promoted continuing education and provided vital information on COVID-19 management.

Conclusions:

  • Online education proved to be an invaluable tool, maintaining essential training and knowledge dissemination during the pandemic.
  • Technology facilitated communication, information sharing, and training continuity in pharmacy.
  • The Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy played a crucial role in supporting online educational initiatives.