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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Digital Hybrid Model Preparation for Virtual Planning of Reconstructive Dentoalveolar Surgical Procedures
Published on: August 5, 2021
Mahmoud Elbashti1,2, Amel Aswehlee3, Caroline Tram Nguyen4,5
1Department of Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
This study presents a novel method for teaching maxillofacial prosthetics using interactive three-dimensional (3D) virtual models embedded in PDF files. This approach enhances dental students' spatial understanding of complex maxillofacial defects and rehabilitation.
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