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Mechanisms of Myocardial Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Aniket S Rali1, Sagar Ranka2, Zubair Shah2

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, US.

Cardiac Failure Review
|June 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly impacts cardiovascular health, increasing mortality risk for patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review explores the mechanisms behind COVID-19-induced myocardial injury.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) commonly causes fever, fatigue, cough, and respiratory failure.
  • Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the elderly face the highest mortality risk from COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 is associated with cardiovascular complications such as arrhythmias, myocardial dysfunction, and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current literature on the mechanisms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients.
  • To explore plausible pathways leading to cardiac inflammation during COVID-19 infection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of observational reports and available studies.
  • Synthesis of proposed mechanisms for myocardial inflammation in COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 presents a unique interplay with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Myocardial inflammation is a recognized complication of COVID-19, though exact mechanisms require further elucidation.
  • Several potential mechanisms for myocardial injury have been proposed based on early findings.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 is crucial for managing high-risk patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the pathways of cardiac inflammation in COVID-19.
  • The link between COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications highlights the importance of cardiovascular health in pandemic preparedness.

Keywords:
ACE-2 receptorsCOVID-19Myocardial injurycardiac failuremyocarditis

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