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The Evidence for Evolution

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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications

Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications

Published on: January 19, 2018

Scale-Free Biology: Integrating Evolutionary and Developmental Thinking.

Chris Fields¹, Michael Levin²

¹23 Rue des Lavandieres, 11160 Caunes Minervois, France.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology

|June 16, 2020

Summary

Viewing life

Keywords:

Evo-Devo active inference extended synthesis free-energy principle hierarchical dynamics holobiont individuality

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Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications

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Published on: December 16, 2015

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Developmental biology
Theoretical biology

Background:

Life's history can be framed as a continuous cell division lineage.
Evolution and development are interconnected processes driven by reciprocal interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore research directions by reframing evolution as life's development.
To highlight new perspectives on biological systems and their interactions.

Main Methods:

Conceptual review of evolutionary and developmental biology.
Analysis of information flow and scale in biological systems.
Application of theoretical frameworks like predictive coding.

Main Results:

Evolutionary variation and selection are bidirectional information flows across scales.
Cooperation and competition are relative concepts dependent on scale.
Information processing and communication are more descriptive than causation.

Conclusions:

Biology can be reconceptualized as the study of a unified, multiscale dynamical system.
Predictive coding and active inference offer tools for understanding life's unified dynamics.
A new perspective enhances understanding of life's interconnectedness and development.