[Effects of seeding pattern and phosphorus application on population structure, photosynthe-tic characteristics and...

Under Xinjiang winter wheat seeding pattern, in order to sort out proper phosphorus application (PA) and find out the effects and mechanism of PA on population structure, photosynthesis characteristics and yield and provide reliable evidence for PA management of winter wheat, we arranged a two-factor complete split-plot design of wheat variety "Xindong 22". The main area consisted of two seeding ways: drill seeding pattern (D) and uniform seeding pattern (U), while in the sub-area there were four levels of PA(P₂O₅): 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg·hm^-2(represented by P₀, P₆₀, P₁₂₀ and P₁₈₀ for those treatments, respectively). The results showed that the earbearing percentage in U was 15.9% higher than that in D, and the other features (PAR interception rate, extinction coefficient, leaf area index, SPAD and photosynthetic parameters) were more optimal in 120 kg·hm^-2 treatment. Our results showed that the 120 kg·hm^-2 treatment in U would be the optimal option with respect to population structure, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield.