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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Snapshot phase-shifting diffraction phase microscope.

Xiaobo Tian, Rongguang Liang

|June 16, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a simple snapshot phase-shifting microscope using a polarization grating. This novel method enables simultaneous capture of four phase-shifted images for high-resolution phase mapping, ideal for real-time measurements.

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Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Published on: January 28, 2019

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Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope

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Published on: April 7, 2014

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Microscopy
Phase Contrast Imaging

Background:

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is crucial for label-free biological cell analysis.
Traditional phase-shifting microscopy often suffers from slow acquisition speeds and sensitivity to environmental disturbances.
There is a need for robust, high-resolution, and real-time QPI techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel snapshot phase-shifting diffraction phase microscope.
To demonstrate a system capable of simultaneous interferogram acquisition for rapid phase reconstruction.
To provide a vibration-insensitive and thermally stable platform for quantitative phase measurement.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a polarization grating to split incident light into orthogonally polarized beams.
Employing spatial phase-shifting technology for interferogram generation.
Implementing a polarization camera for simultaneous capture of four phase-shifted interferograms.
Reconstructing a high spatial resolution phase map from the captured data.

Main Results:

Successful experimental demonstration of the proposed snapshot phase-shifting diffraction phase microscope.
Achieved high spatial resolution phase map reconstruction.
Verified the system's near-common-path configuration and snapshot capability.
Demonstrated minimal sensitivity to vibration and thermal disturbance.

Conclusions:

The proposed snapshot phase-shifting diffraction phase microscope offers a simple and effective solution for real-time quantitative phase measurement.
Its design minimizes sensitivity to environmental noise, making it suitable for practical applications.
This technique presents a feasible advancement in microscopy for dynamic and sensitive phase imaging.