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Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

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Ecotoxicological Effects of Microplastics on Bird Embryo Development by Hatching without Eggshell

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Published on: August 14, 2021

Nanoparticles induced embryo-fetal toxicity.

Zengjin Wang¹, Zhiping Wang¹

¹School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.

Toxicology and Industrial Health

|June 17, 2020

Summary

Pregnant women face increased risks from nanoparticle exposure, which can harm fetal development. Caution is advised with nanomedicines and environmental nanoparticle pollutants during pregnancy.

Keywords:

Embryo–fetal toxicity animal model nanoparticles nanotoxicity reactive oxygen species

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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Placenta-Targeted Drug Delivery Using Three Complementary Methods

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Placenta-Targeted Drug Delivery Using Three Complementary Methods

Published on: September 10, 2018

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Environmental Health
Reproductive Biology

Background:

Nanomaterial applications raise concerns about potential toxicity in humans.
Pregnant women and fetuses are particularly vulnerable to nanoparticle (NP)-induced adverse effects.
Prenatal exposure to NPs can lead to long-term health issues for the fetus.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the risks of nanoparticle exposure to pregnant women and fetal development.
To highlight the mechanisms of NP transfer across the placenta and subsequent fetal effects.
To emphasize the need for caution regarding nanomedicines and environmental NP pollutants in pregnant populations.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing studies on nanoparticle toxicity in pregnant subjects.
Analysis of NP properties, exposure routes, and placental transfer mechanisms.
Examination of documented health outcomes in animal models and human case studies.

Main Results:

Nanoparticles can cross the placental barrier via blood circulation.
NP exposure can trigger placental damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered gene expression in the fetus.
Physicochemical properties of NPs and exposure duration significantly influence nanotoxicity.

Conclusions:

Prenatal nanoparticle exposure poses significant risks to fetal development, potentially causing delayed or abnormal growth.
Animal study findings, while not directly extrapolatable, provide compelling evidence for caution.
Careful management of nanomedicines and environmental NP exposure is crucial for pregnant women's health.