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Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis
F Alves1, S Prata1,2, T Nunes1,3
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ULisboa, Av. Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
BMC Veterinary Research
|June 17, 2020
Summary
The 2001 Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria, specifically capillary refill time and mucous membrane color, better predict outcomes in septic dogs than the 1991 criteria. Further research is needed to enhance the PIRO scoring system for improved sepsis prediction in animals.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Critical Care
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Sepsis presents a significant health challenge with high mortality rates.
- Canine parvovirus enteritis predisposes dogs to sepsis by increasing bacterial translocation and immunosuppression.
- Septic dogs offer a valuable model for studying sepsis outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the prognostic value of the 1991 SIRS criteria versus the 2001 SIRS criteria in septic dogs.
- To assess the utility of an adapted animal PIRO (Predisposition, Infection, Response, Organ dysfunction) scoring system for classifying septic dogs.
- To evaluate the correlation between SIRS criteria and patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-two septic dogs were evaluated using PIRO elements (excluding infection) and two sets of SIRS criteria.
- Statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between SIRS criteria, PIRO scores, and patient outcomes.
- A Fast-and-Frugal tree (FFT) was developed to assess SIRS criteria as a rapid decision-making tool.
Main Results:
- The 2001 SIRS criteria, particularly capillary refill time and mucous membrane color alterations, showed a significant association with outcome (OR=4.09, p<0.05).
- The 1991 SIRS criteria did not correlate significantly with outcome (p=0.352).
- No significant association was found between PIRO elements (Predisposition, Response, Organ dysfunction) or the total PIRO score and outcome.
- The FFT demonstrated a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 29% for outcome prediction.
Conclusions:
- Enhancing the specificity of SIRS criteria may improve their prognostic value and clinical applicability in veterinary sepsis.
- The PIRO scoring system requires the inclusion of more specific biomarkers, particularly for inflammation and organ dysfunction, to improve outcome prediction.
- The 2001 SIRS criteria offer a more promising tool for outcome prediction in septic dogs compared to the 1991 criteria.
