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Accurately measuring shale matrix permeability in fractured source rocks is challenging. This study introduces a dual-continuum pressure pulse decay method to distinguish and measure both fracture and matrix permeability, even under stress conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Geoscience
  • Reservoir Engineering
  • Geomechanics

Background:

  • Shale matrix permeability is crucial for hydrocarbon reservoir characterization and production prediction.
  • Accurate measurement of source rock permeability is hindered by low intrinsic values and induced fractures from core handling.
  • Existing methods like steady-state flow, transient pressure pulse decay, and the Gas Research Institute (GRI) method have limitations in measuring matrix permeability in fractured samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a practical and accurate method for measuring matrix permeability in fractured source rock samples.
  • To extend the conventional pressure pulse decay method to account for dual-continuum flow in fractured rocks.
  • To enable the assessment of both fracture and matrix permeability's dependence on effective stress.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a modified pressure pulse decay method based on a dual-continuum model (fracture and matrix).
  • Utilizing initial pressure signals to estimate fracture permeability due to its higher conductivity.
  • Analyzing late-stage pressure signals to determine matrix permeability, accounting for matrix-dominated flow.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method successfully distinguishes and quantifies both fracture and matrix permeability in fractured source rock samples.
  • The method leverages the different flow regimes (fracture-dominated vs. matrix-dominated) during a single pulse decay test.
  • It provides a practical approach to assess permeability under varying effective stress conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The extended pressure pulse decay method offers a more accurate determination of shale matrix permeability compared to existing techniques.
  • This approach addresses the challenges posed by induced fractures and allows for stress-dependent permeability analysis.
  • The method is applicable for characterizing source rock reservoirs and improving hydrocarbon production predictions.