Microbial Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections
Jahanzeb Malik1, Nismat Javed2,1, Farhan Malik3
1Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, PAK.
Cureus
|June 17, 2020
Summary
This study found Escherichia coli to be the most common cause of urinary tract infections in Pakistan, with higher resistance rates in males. Fosfomycin and imipenem showed the most susceptibility, while ceftazidime resistance was noted.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant global health concern.
- Understanding microbial patterns and antimicrobial susceptibility is crucial for effective UTI management.
- Antibiotic resistance poses a growing challenge in treating UTIs worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalent microbial pathogens causing UTIs.
- To assess the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these pathogens.
- To inform antibiotic stewardship and treatment guidelines in Pakistan.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, observational study involving 440 patients at Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
- Urine samples underwent culture and sensitivity analysis.
- Data were analyzed using SPSS, with Chi-square tests for significance (p < 0.05).
Main Results:
- Out of 440 samples, 144 were from males and 296 from females.
- Escherichia coli was the most frequently identified organism.
- Higher antimicrobial resistance rates were observed in male patients.
- Pathogens showed highest susceptibility to fosfomycin and imipenem (p=0.01).
- Significant resistance to ceftazidime was observed (p=0.01).
Conclusions:
- Escherichia coli is a primary cause of UTIs in the studied Pakistani population.
- Males exhibit higher rates of antimicrobial resistance in UTIs.
- Fosfomycin and imipenem are effective against common UTI pathogens, whereas ceftazidime shows resistance.
- There is a critical need to curb antibiotic over-prescription for UTIs in Pakistan, promoting judicious use and exploring non-antimicrobial alternatives.
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