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Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
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Obstructive sleep apnea, depression and cognitive impairment.

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to depression and cognitive decline. Treatment may improve some symptoms, but attention deficits might be irreversible, highlighting the need for further research.

Keywords:
AntidepressantsAnxiety disordersCPAPCognitive dysfunctionDepressionObstructive sleep apnea

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition often associated with psychiatric comorbidities.
  • Depressive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are frequently observed in patients with OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and depressive/cognitive symptoms.
  • To evaluate the impact of OSAS treatment on psychiatric symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases.
  • 125 relevant articles published between 1990 and 2018 were selected based on specific inclusion/exclusion criteria.
  • Keywords included obstructive sleep apnea, depression, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety disorders, and CPAP.

Main Results:

  • Significant overlap exists between OSA, depressive, and anxiety symptoms.
  • OSA is associated with deficits in attention, working memory, episodic memory, and executive functions.
  • Some cognitive deficits, particularly in attention, may be irreversible even after CPAP treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Untreated OSA can negatively impact mood disorders and cognitive function, potentially causing permanent brain damage.
  • Further research is necessary to fully understand the OSA-affective disorder-cognitive function nexus, especially concerning CPAP therapy.