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Does context matter? A multilevel analysis of neighborhood disadvantage and children's sleep health

Carlyn Graham1, Eric N Reither2, Gabriele Ciciurkaite3

  • 1Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania.

Sleep Health
|June 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Childhood bedtimes vary by race, income, and neighborhood. Disadvantaged neighborhoods are linked to later bedtimes, highlighting the need for community-focused sleep interventions for kindergarteners.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Sleep duration and timing are critical for child development and well-being.
  • Disparities in childhood sleep patterns are influenced by a complex interplay of individual, family, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between demographic, socioeconomic, and neighborhood characteristics and bedtime routines in US kindergarteners.
  • To identify specific factors contributing to bedtime disparities among young children.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K) Class of 1998-1999.
  • Employed nested multilevel regression models to analyze individual and neighborhood-level variables influencing kindergarteners' regular and latest weekday bedtimes.
  • Included factors such as race/ethnicity, sex, family type, household income, maternal education, and neighborhood disorder.

Main Results:

  • Significant bedtime disparities were observed based on race/ethnicity, sex, family income, and mother's educational attainment (P < .05).
  • Kindergarteners residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods exhibited later bedtimes compared to those in more advantaged areas.
  • Neighborhood characteristics partially explained racial/ethnic differences in bedtime, indicating environmental influences on sleep disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood sleep disparities are influenced by both individual/family factors and community conditions.
  • Interventions aimed at reducing sleep disparities should consider a multi-level approach, addressing children, parents, and their residential environments.
Abstract

Keywords:
BedtimeCensus tractsChildrenECLS-KMultilevel modelsNeighborhoodsSleepUnited states

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