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Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase: Genomic Connection to Disease
David B Ramsden1, Rosemary H Waring2, Richard B Parsons3
1Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) gene link to diseases. Current evidence does not support SNPs altering NNMT expression, but non-coding RNAs may impact gene expression and health.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
- Disease Association Studies
Background:
- Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in and around the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) gene are linked to various cancers and diseases.
- The NNMT gene plays a role in homocysteine metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and discuss the strength of associations between NNMT gene SNPs and diseases.
- To evaluate proposed mechanisms, including direct effects on NNMT expression and indirect effects via non-coding RNAs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and data assembly on NNMT gene polymorphisms.
- Discussion of existing hypotheses regarding SNP function and non-coding RNA involvement.
Main Results:
- No evidence found that major or minor bases in SNPs affect NNMT expression.
- Hypotheses suggest SNPs may influence NNMT expression or that non-coding NNMT mRNAs interfere with other gene expressions.
Conclusions:
- Current hypotheses regarding NNMT gene interactions lack experimental validation.
- Further research is required to understand the functional impact of NNMT genetic variations and non-coding RNAs on health.
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