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Three Year Study of Infection Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern from Burn Patients in Southwest Iran
Amir Emami1, Neda Pirbonyeh1, Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi2
1Microbiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Introduction:
Burn wound infections, as one of the most important risk factors, cause serious complications in burns. Hence, the focus of medical care should be preventing infections and resistant isolates. The current study investigates the prevalence of infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance patterns during three years.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 960 isolates were collected from different sample kinds cultured for 615 burn patients who were hospitalized during January 2016 to December 2018 in Amir-Al-Momenin Burn Center. The type of microorganism and their antibiotic resistance patterns were identified by microbiological tests and the standard disk-diffusion method according to the introduced standard techniques.
Results:
Incidence of positive growth was seen more in males than in females. Most of the burns encountered were due to flame injuries (35.4%). Based on the diversity of bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent pathogen (49.9%), followed by Klebsiella sp. (9.7%), Acinetobacter sp. (7.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (6.5%). The trend of resistance of meropenem was declining in P. aeruginosa isolates. Klebsiella sp. as the second most prevalent agent showed a high level of resistance to the studied antibiotics. The antibiogram results for S. aureus isolates showed an increasing trend in MRSA isolates.
Conclusion:
By evaluating the infectious agent, it was found that although frequencies of microorganisms and resistant isolates were a little high, performing a multidisciplinary approach controls the trend during the study period. These achievements have been gained due to a strict politicized infection control and stewardship program in the appointed burn center.
Insights
Burn infections are common, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most frequent pathogen. Strict infection control programs helped manage antimicrobial resistance trends over three years.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Burn wound infections pose significant risks, necessitating focus on prevention and control of resistant isolates.
- This study examines infectious agents and antimicrobial resistance patterns in burn patients over three years.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of infectious agents in burn patients.
- To determine antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolated microorganisms.
- To evaluate trends in antimicrobial resistance over a three-year period.
Main Methods:
- Collected 960 isolates from 615 burn patients between January 2016 and December 2018.
- Identified microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance patterns using standard microbiological tests and disk-diffusion methods.
Main Results:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent pathogen (49.9%), followed by Klebsiella sp. (9.7%).
- Meropenem resistance in P. aeruginosa showed a declining trend, while Klebsiella sp. exhibited high resistance to multiple antibiotics.
- Staphylococcus aureus isolates demonstrated an increasing trend in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Conclusions:
- Despite high frequencies of microorganisms and resistant isolates, a multidisciplinary approach effectively controlled resistance trends.
- Strict infection control and stewardship programs were crucial in achieving positive outcomes in the burn center.
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