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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
Published on: November 23, 2013
A case of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis
Anna Misyail Abdul Rashid1, Elmina Mohamad Mokhtar2, Mohamad Syafeeq Faeez Md Noh3
1Department of Medicine, Level 3, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis is characterized by the clinical manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms, predominantly affecting young adults, and frequently associated with neoplasms. It is the second most common cause of autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis. Early diagnosis is often missed, as patients are commonly diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses and are treated with antipsychotics - which rarely gives complete resolution of symptoms. Herein, we discuss a patient with mixed clinical, imaging, electroencephalogram, and laboratory findings, with an eventual diagnosis of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis requiring immunotherapy and operative intervention.
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