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Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris

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Microfibers in oceanic surface waters: A global characterization.

Giuseppe Suaria¹, Aikaterini Achtypi¹, Vonica Perold²

¹CNR-ISMAR (Institute of Marine Sciences-National Research Council), La Spezia 19032, Italy.

Science Advances

|June 18, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Oceanic microfibers are predominantly natural, not synthetic. This study reveals most marine fibers are cellulosic or animal-based, challenging the common assumption of widespread microplastic pollution from textiles.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Marine Biology
Polymer Science

Background:

Microfibers are pervasive environmental contaminants often categorized as microplastics.
Current research frequently assumes oceanic fibers originate from synthetic textile wear and tear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the polymer composition of oceanic microfibers globally.
To compare the actual marine fiber composition with global synthetic fiber production.

Main Methods:

Collected 916 seawater samples across six ocean basins.
Analyzed approximately 2000 microfibers using micro-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (µFT-IR).

Main Results:

Only 8.2% of analyzed oceanic fibers were synthetic.
Cellulosic fibers constituted the majority (79.5%), followed by animal-origin fibers (12.3%).
A significant discrepancy exists between global synthetic fiber production and marine fiber composition.

Conclusions:

Chemical identification of microfibers is crucial before classifying them as microplastics.
The prevalence of natural fibers in marine environments requires re-evaluation of current microplastic pollution assumptions.
Further research is needed to understand the sources and implications of natural fiber pollution in oceans.