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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Development and Challenges in Animal Tuberculosis Vaccination.

Ana Balseiro1,2, Jobin Thomas3,4, Christian Gortázar3

  • 1Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination shows potential for cattle tuberculosis prevention but faces regulatory hurdles due to diagnostic interference. Research focuses on improved vaccines and integrated "one health" strategies for effective control.

Keywords:
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)domestic animalheat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis vaccine (HIMB)tuberculosisvaccinationwildlife

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary immunology
  • Infectious disease control
  • Animal health

Background:

  • Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has historically been crucial for human tuberculosis (TB) prevention.
  • BCG vaccination holds potential for TB control in domestic animals, particularly cattle.
  • Current EU legislation prohibits BCG use in cattle due to diagnostic interference with tuberculin tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and efficacy of TB vaccination in domestic and wild animals.
  • To discuss promising inactivated vaccine candidates for TB.
  • To highlight challenges and future directions for animal TB vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical TB vaccination trials.
  • Analysis of immune responses to vaccination in various animal species.
  • Evaluation of inactivated vaccine research and development.

Main Results:

  • BCG vaccination has demonstrated potential but faces regulatory challenges in cattle.
  • Various vaccine trials in domestic and wild animals have been documented.
  • Research is advancing towards more effective, stable, and easily administered TB vaccines.

Conclusions:

  • Overcoming diagnostic interference and regulatory barriers is key for BCG adoption in cattle.
  • Integrated 'one health' strategies, including biosafety and wildlife reservoir management, are essential for comprehensive TB control.
  • Continued research into novel vaccine candidates and improved delivery methods is critical for future success.