Bi-layer metasurface based on Huygens' principle for high gain antenna applications

A planar isotropic unit cell based on Huygens' principle is presented for achieving transmission phase control. By tailoring overlapping electric and magnetic resonances with geometry of the proposed unit cell, the transmission phase ranging from 0 - 2π is achieved with high transmittance. The proposed unit cell is then employed to design a metasurface lens with center frequency at 9.3 GHz and a square shaped patch antenna is placed at the focal point of the designed lens to perform conversion from spherical wave front of the source antenna to planar wave front. The designed lens antenna is capable to realize pencil beam radiation pattern with a gain of 19.6 dB and side lobe levels less than -15 dB in simulation. To experimentally verify the proposed design, a prototype of the metasurface lens is fabricated and measured. The measurement results well validate the proposed design and its enhanced performance.