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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Spoof surface plasmons (SSPs) offer unique electromagnetic wave manipulation capabilities.
    • Terahertz (THz) waves require advanced techniques for precise focusing and field enhancement.
    • Gradient-based structures are explored for controlling electromagnetic fields.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and investigate a gradient-type slotted SSP grating for THz wave manipulation.
    • To achieve tight focusing and local electric field enhancement in the THz regime.
    • To explore the potential for enhanced THz imaging resolution and speed.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a d1-d2-d3-d4-d5 gradient-type SSP grating.
    • Integration of gradient-shaped planar ports to form a slotted SSP grating.
    • Optimization of the focal spot size to 0.01λ.
    • Arrangement of the grating unit in one and two dimensions.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated significant electric field localization effects.
    • Achieved tight focusing and local electric field enhancement for THz waves.
    • Generated a longitudinal focal line and a square focal spots array.
    • Optimized focal spot size to 0.01λ.

    Conclusions:

    • The gradient-type slotted SSP grating effectively manipulates THz waves.
    • The proposed structure enhances THz imaging resolution and scanning speed.
    • This technology holds significant potential for THz high-resolution near-field scanning imaging.