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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time
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Thromboembolism in COVID-19: the unsolved problem.

Matteo Casale1, Giuseppe Dattilo2, Egidio Imbalzano2

  • 1Operative Unit of ICCU and Cardiology, Hospital "S. Maria della Misericordia, " ASUR Marche, Urbino, Pesaro e Urbino, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic is linked to increased thrombosis risk due to inflammation and coagulation issues. Early antithrombotic therapy may improve outcomes, though more evidence is needed.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic revealed diverse patient prognoses, with thrombosis emerging as a key factor in severe cases.
  • While viral lung damage was initially focused on, the role of thrombosis in COVID-19 severity is increasingly recognized.
  • Existing literature is clarifying some aspects of COVID-19 management, but further research is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • To synthesize current evidence on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and thrombotic complications.
  • To evaluate the potential benefits of antithrombotic therapy in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search conducted on Embase and PubMed.
  • Keywords included "COVID-19," "SARS," "MERS," "coronavirus," and various terms related to venous thromboembolism.
  • 20 selected articles provided representative information from an initial pool of 133.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 is associated with thrombotic complications driven by inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis.
  • Hospitalization for COVID-19 presents multiple risk factors for thrombosis.
  • Severe coagulation abnormalities are prevalent in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence is insufficient to recommend aggressive antithrombotic therapy for COVID-19.
  • An early initiation of antithrombotic treatment, potentially even at home, may improve clinical outcomes.
  • Further research is warranted to establish optimal antithrombotic strategies for COVID-19.