Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

3.8K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
3.8K
Structuralism01:26

Structuralism

2.9K
Structuralism, an early psychological theory developed by Wilhelm Wundt and his student Edward Bradford Titchener, sought to dissect the human mind into its most fundamental components. Wundt's groundbreaking work in his laboratory set the stage for Titchener to define structuralism's goal as cataloging the "atoms" of the mind—sensations, images, and feelings—akin to how chemists identify elements of matter.
Titchener's approach to structuralism was unique. He...
2.9K
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

2.1K
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
2.1K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.3K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.3K
Neurons as Communicators of the Brain01:22

Neurons as Communicators of the Brain

2.6K
Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, function as the primary transmitters of information throughout the body. Their ability to communicate through electrical and chemical signals is vital for every bodily function, from regulating the heartbeat to processing complex thoughts. Each neuron has three main components: the cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon, each specialized to facilitate swift and efficient neural communication.
Cell Body
The cell body, also known...
2.6K
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

212
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
212

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AI-associated delusions: terminology - Authors' reply.

The lancet. Psychiatry·2026
Same author

Artificial intelligence-associated delusions and large language models: risks, mechanisms of delusion co-creation, and safeguarding strategies.

The lancet. Psychiatry·2026
Same author

Hallucination Research From an Interdisciplinary Perspective: Enhancing Understanding, Embracing Complexity.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2025
Same author

Cognitive-Developmental Mechanisms in Hallucinations.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2025
Same author

Visual Hallucinations in Serotonergic Psychedelics and Lewy Body Diseases.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2025
Same author

Auditory verbal hallucinations: The ins and outs of subtypes.

Psychiatry research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Memory and Learning Through Neural Implants for Multi-Region Brain Studies
08:51

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Memory and Learning Through Neural Implants for Multi-Region Brain Studies

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.7K

Spotlight commentary: REBUS and the anarchic brain.

Tehseen Noorani1, Ben Alderson-Day2

  • 1Department of Anthropology, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.

Neuroscience of Consciousness
|June 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study explores the predictive processing framework for understanding psychedelic experiences, suggesting a unified model of psychedelic action in the brain. Further research should integrate contextual factors and refine comparisons with altered states for deeper insights.

Keywords:
REBUSaltered statescontextdefault mode networkpredictive processingpsychedelic

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Modular Neuronal Networks for Analyzing Brain Functions
07:38

Author Spotlight: Modular Neuronal Networks for Analyzing Brain Functions

Published on: June 7, 2024

2.1K
Perspectives on Neuroscience
26:41

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Published on: July 31, 2007

5.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Memory and Learning Through Neural Implants for Multi-Region Brain Studies
08:51

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Memory and Learning Through Neural Implants for Multi-Region Brain Studies

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.7K
Author Spotlight: Modular Neuronal Networks for Analyzing Brain Functions
07:38

Author Spotlight: Modular Neuronal Networks for Analyzing Brain Functions

Published on: June 7, 2024

2.1K
Perspectives on Neuroscience
26:41

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Published on: July 31, 2007

5.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Psychedelic Research

Background:

  • The predictive processing framework offers a novel lens for understanding the brain's action during psychedelic experiences.
  • Psychedelic psychiatry is an emerging field seeking to understand the therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the utility of the predictive processing framework in explaining psychedelic experiences.
  • To propose a unified model for the brain's action under psychedelics.
  • To identify key mechanisms of action for psychedelic experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the 'REBUS and the Anarchic Brain' paper by Carhart-Harris and Friston.
  • Comparative analysis of psychedelic states with non-psychedelic altered states.
  • Consideration of contextual factors influencing psychedelic experiences.

Main Results:

  • The predictive processing framework provides a valuable foundation for psychedelic psychiatry.
  • There is a need to incorporate contextual factors into models of psychedelic action.
  • Refining comparisons with other altered states can yield more informative insights.

Conclusions:

  • A unified model of psychedelic action benefits from the predictive processing framework.
  • Contextual factors significantly shape extreme psychedelic experiences and their outcomes.
  • Further investigation into parallels with specific altered states is warranted to fully elucidate psychedelic mechanisms.