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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

The Effect of Anti-Fatigue Decoction on the Behaviors and Serological Indicators in a Central Fatigue Rat Model
Published on: April 12, 2024
Mechanism and effects of fructose diphosphate on anti-hypoxia fatigue and learning memory ability
Chunna Liu1,2, Chunhua Shao3, Qi Du1
1Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
This study aims to investigate the mechanisms through which fructose diphosphate (FDP) causes anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue effects and improves learning and memory. Mice were divided into three groups: low-dose FDP (FDP-L), high-dose FDP (FDP-H), and a control group. Acute toxic hypoxia induced by carbon monoxide, sodium nitrite, and potassium cyanide and acute cerebral ischemic hypoxia were used to investigate the anti-hypoxia ability of FDP. The tests of rod-rotating, mouse tail suspension, and swimming endurance were used to explore the anti-fatigue effects of FDP. The Morris water maze experiment was used to determine the impact of FDP on learning and memory ability. Poisoning-induced hypoxic tests showed that mouse survival time was significantly prolonged in the FDP-L and FDP-H groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In the exhaustive swimming test, FDP significantly shortened struggling time and prolonged the time of mass-loaded swimming; the rod-rotating test showed that endurance time was significantly prolonged by using FDP (p < 0.05). FDP significantly decreased lactate and urea nitrogen levels and increased hepatic and muscle glycogen and glucose transporter-4 and Na+-K+-ATPase (p < 0.05). To conclude, FDP enhances hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance and improves learning and memory ability through regulating glucose and energy metabolism.
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