Synthetic cannabinoid induced ocular self-injury

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Psychiatry
• Ophthalmology

Background:

• Synthetic cannabinoids are popular recreational drugs with significant neuropsychiatric risks.
• Unlike natural cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids can cause severe toxicity.
• Untreated schizophrenia may increase vulnerability to drug-induced psychosis and injury.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the first cases of ocular self-injury associated with synthetic cannabinoid intoxication.
• To highlight the potential for severe adverse events in vulnerable populations.

Main Methods:

• Case report of two patients presenting with ocular self-injury.
• Patients were intoxicated with synthetic cannabinoids (K2) and had a history of untreated schizophrenia.
• Clinical presentation and injury mechanism were documented.

Main Results:

• Both patients experienced visual hallucinations of a bug behind their eye.
• In attempts to remove the perceived bug, they caused significant damage to the periocular soft tissue.
• These injuries represent a novel form of self-harm linked to synthetic cannabinoid use.

Conclusions:

• Synthetic cannabinoid intoxication can lead to severe neuropsychiatric toxicity, including visual disturbances and self-harm.
• Ocular self-injury is a newly identified complication, particularly in individuals with pre-existing psychiatric conditions.
• Clinicians should be aware of these risks when evaluating patients with synthetic cannabinoid exposure.