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[Relationship between Nutritional Status and Nosocomial Infection in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia]

Jia-Le Lin1, Kang-Kang Liu1, Jin-Hua Chu1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China.

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
|June 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Nosocomial infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are linked to neutrophil count, chemotherapy stage, hospital stay duration, and nutritional status. Poorer nutritional status increases infection risk and impacts early treatment response in pediatric ALL patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Nosocomial infections (NIs) pose a significant threat to immunocompromised pediatric patients, particularly those undergoing treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
  • Understanding the risk factors and characteristics of NIs in this vulnerable population is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Nutritional status is increasingly recognized as a key factor influencing infection susceptibility and treatment response in pediatric cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors and infection characteristics of nosocomial infections in children with ALL.
  • To analyze the relationship between nutritional status, nosocomial infection incidence, and early treatment response in pediatric ALL.
  • To determine independent risk factors for nosocomial infections in children with ALL.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzing clinical data of 133 children with ALL treated between June 2016 and June 2019.
  • Data collected included chemotherapy stage, risk level, minimal residual disease (MRD), infection details, and nutritional status parameters.
  • Statistical analysis employed Chi-squared tests and Logistic regression to identify significant risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The overall rate of nosocomial infection was 19.9%, with respiratory tract infections being the most common.
  • Independent risk factors for nosocomial infection included chemotherapy stage, length of hospital stay, neutrophil count, and nutritional status.
  • Poorer nutritional status was significantly associated with a higher risk of nosocomial infection and affected early treatment response, including MRD negativity rates.

Conclusions:

  • Neutrophil count, chemotherapy stage, length of hospital stay, and nutritional status are independent risk factors for nosocomial infections in pediatric ALL.
  • Nutritional status is inversely correlated with nosocomial infection risk; malnutrition, overweight, and obesity negatively impact early treatment response.
  • Nutritional assessment at diagnosis can serve as a prognostic indicator for early treatment response in children with ALL.
Abstract

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