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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

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Overview
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Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
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Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

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Complement-Mediated Disorders in Pregnancy.

Kana Amari Chinchilla1, Madhusudan Vijayan1, Bruna Taveras Garcia1

  • 1Department of Nephrology/Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Complement disorders in pregnancy involve all three pathways. Genetic variants in regulatory proteins increase risk for conditions like P-aHUS and HELLP, with eculizumab showing promise for maternal kidney outcomes.

Keywords:
Alternative pathwayComplement genetic variantsComplement systemEculizumabPregnancy

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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface
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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Human Maternal-fetal Interface

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Immunology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Complement-mediated disorders are implicated in various pregnancy complications, affecting classical, lectin, and alternative pathways.
  • Advances in understanding complement regulatory proteins (factor H, I, membrane cofactor protein, thrombomodulin) are crucial for the alternative pathway.
  • Genetic variants in these proteins predispose women to conditions like pregnancy-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (P-aHUS) and HELLP syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of complement-mediated pregnancy disorders.
  • To explore the role of complement genetic variants in disease phenotypes.
  • To summarize current experiences with eculizumab in managing these obstetric catastrophes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on complement pathways in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of genetic variants associated with complement-mediated obstetric conditions.
  • Synthesis of clinical data on eculizumab use in P-aHUS and HELLP.

Main Results:

  • Complement dysregulation contributes to diverse obstetric complications.
  • Specific genetic variants are linked to increased susceptibility to P-aHUS, HELLP, and other conditions.
  • Eculizumab has demonstrated potential in improving maternal renal outcomes in severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding complement pathways is vital for diagnosing and managing pregnancy disorders.
  • Genetic screening can identify at-risk individuals.
  • Targeted therapies like eculizumab offer new hope for severe complement-mediated obstetric conditions.