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Radiation-induced meningiomas.

Carolina Benjamin1, Jugal K Shah1, Douglas Kondziolka1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) are the most common tumors caused by radiation therapy. These tumors are diverse and often more aggressive, presenting unique management challenges.

Keywords:
MeningiomaRadiation-induced meningiomaRadiation-induced neoplasmRadiation-induced tumorsRadiosurgery, Surgical resection

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Tumor Biology

Background:

  • Radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) are increasingly recognized as a consequence of medical radiation exposure.
  • RIMs represent the most common type of radiation-induced tumor, highlighting the long-term effects of radiotherapy.
  • These tumors exhibit significant heterogeneity, complicating their diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of radiation-induced meningiomas.
  • To discuss the challenges in managing these heterogeneous tumors.
  • To highlight current research directions in targeted therapies for RIMs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of radiation-induced meningiomas.
  • Analysis of patient characteristics, radiographic appearance, genetics, and pathology.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • RIMs occur in younger patients and are typically more aggressive than spontaneous meningiomas.
  • Tumor characteristics vary with radiation dose (low <10Gy vs. high >10Gy).
  • Surgical resection is preferred, with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) emerging as a viable alternative.

Conclusions:

  • Radiation-induced meningiomas present unique challenges due to their heterogeneity and aggressive nature.
  • Understanding dose-dependent characteristics is crucial for predicting tumor behavior.
  • Further research into targeted drug therapies is essential for improving patient outcomes.