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Composite materials based on chitosan/gold nanoparticles: From synthesis to biomedical applications
Ana B da Silva1, Késsily B Rufato1, Ariel C de Oliveira1
1Laboratory of Materials, Macromolecules, and Composites (LaMMAC), Federal University of Technology, Apucarana 86812-460, Brazil; Group of Polymers and Composite Materials (GMPC), Chemical Department, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá 87020-900, Brazil.
Chitosan-based materials offer a greener alternative for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), overcoming toxic conventional methods. This review critically examines their biomedical applications and formation mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Conventional gold nanoparticle (AuNP) synthesis uses toxic chemicals.
- Chitosan and its derivatives offer a biocompatible alternative for AuNP synthesis.
- Chitosan-based composites with AuNPs are synthesized in-situ.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review methods for developing chitosan/AuNP composites.
- To critically assess the formation mechanisms of these composites.
- To highlight biomedical applications of chitosan/AuNP devices.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on chitosan/AuNP composite synthesis.
- Analysis of in-situ synthesis approaches.
- Evaluation of reported biomedical applications.
Main Results:
- Chitosan facilitates the reduction of Au(III) and stabilization of AuNPs.
- Reported applications include biosensors, drug delivery, scaffolds, and antimicrobial coatings.
- Significant criticisms exist regarding formation mechanisms and biocompatibility data.
Conclusions:
- Chitosan/AuNP composites present a promising biocompatible alternative.
- Further research is needed to elucidate formation mechanisms and confirm biocompatibility.
- Critical evaluation of material design is essential for advancing applications.
