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Effects of diosgenin on the skeletal system in rats with experimental type 1 diabetes

Piotr Londzin1, Ewa Kisiel-Nawrot1, Sonia Kocik1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|June 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Diosgenin, a plant-derived compound, did not improve bone health markers in diabetic rats. However, it showed limited benefits by counteracting diabetes-induced damage to bone microarchitecture.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Plant-derived compounds are of interest for managing diabetes and its complications.
  • Diosgenin has shown potential benefits for glucose metabolism and osteoporosis in prior research.
  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is known to negatively impact bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of diosgenin on skeletal disorders in rats with experimentally induced type 1 diabetes.
  • To assess diosgenin's impact on bone metabolism, structure, and mechanical properties in a diabetic model.

Main Methods:

  • Female rats were divided into healthy control, diabetic control, and diosgenin-treated diabetic groups.
  • Type 1 diabetes was induced using streptozotocin.
  • Diosgenin was administered orally for four weeks, starting two weeks post-diabetes induction.
  • Evaluations included serum markers, bone mass, mineralization, mechanical testing, and histomorphometry.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes caused significant metabolic disturbances and impaired cancellous bone microarchitecture and strength.
  • Diosgenin did not improve serum bone turnover markers, biochemical parameters, bone mass, mineralization, or mechanical properties in diabetic rats.
  • Diosgenin partially counteracted diabetes-induced changes in the growth plate and distal femur cancellous bone microarchitecture.

Conclusions:

  • Diosgenin demonstrated a limited beneficial effect on the skeletal structure of diabetic rats, particularly in the distal femur.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications of diosgenin in diabetic bone disease.
Keywords:
DiabetesDiosgeninOsteoporosisRatSkeletal system

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