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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

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Suspensor-derived somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.

Tatyana Radoeva¹, Catherine Albrecht¹, Marcel Piepers¹

¹Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Development (Cambridge, England)

|June 20, 2020

Summary

Reprogramming Arabidopsis suspensor cells into embryos is a specific response triggered by defined regulators. This process follows a conserved developmental path, similar to somatic embryogenesis from other plant tissues.

Keywords:

Arabidopsis Plant embryogenesis Reprogramming Suspensor Totipotency

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Area of Science:

Plant developmental biology
Molecular genetics
Cellular reprogramming

Background:

Asymmetric zygote division in flowering plants establishes distinct apical (embryo) and basal (suspensor) cell fates.
Arabidopsis thaliana suspensor cells are typically extra-embryonic and senesce, but can form twin embryos under specific conditions.
Somatic embryogenesis can be induced by various genes, but its relationship with suspensor-derived embryos is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the nature of suspensor cell fate transformation into embryonic cells.
To identify the genetic triggers involved in reprogramming suspensor cells.
To compare the developmental pathways of suspensor-derived embryos with somatic embryogenesis.

Main Methods:

Expression of known embryogenesis-inducing genes specifically within suspensor cells of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Analysis of suspensor cell morphology and fate-marker gene expression.
Induction of suspensor division using various genetic and experimental triggers.

Main Results:

Reprogramming of Arabidopsis suspensor cells towards embryonic identity is a specific cellular response.
Defined genetic regulators trigger this transformation.
The process follows a conserved developmental trajectory.
Suspensor-derived embryogenesis shares similarities with somatic embryogenesis.

Conclusions:

Suspensor cells possess the potential for embryonic development when exposed to specific regulatory signals.
The genetic control and developmental pathway of suspensor-to-embryo reprogramming are conserved.
This study clarifies the link between suspensor-derived embryos and somatic embryogenesis in plants.