Pelvic organ prolapse and sexual function

Area of Science:

• Urogynecology
• Sexual Medicine

Background:

• Sexual dysfunction is a primary concern for women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
• Women with POP often limit sexual activity due to body image concerns and fear of incontinence.
• Current treatments for POP include conservative (pelvic floor muscle training, pessaries) and surgical options, with sexual outcomes remaining a key consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) management on sexual function.
• To identify risks and benefits associated with different POP treatment modalities regarding sexual outcomes.
• To emphasize the importance of preoperative counseling for women undergoing POP treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of conservative and surgical management strategies for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
• Analysis of reported sexual outcomes, including improvements and potential de novo dyspareunia.
• Consideration of patient-reported outcomes and quality of life.

Main Results:

• Both conservative and surgical treatments for POP generally lead to improved sexual function.
• A risk of developing de novo dyspareunia (pain during intercourse) exists post-treatment, regardless of surgical approach.
• Transvaginal POP repair may be associated with a slightly higher risk of de novo dyspareunia compared to other methods.

Conclusions:

• Management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) can positively affect sexual function.
• Healthcare providers must counsel patients on the potential for improved sexual function and the risk of de novo dyspareunia.
• A multidisciplinary approach to preoperative counseling is crucial for optimizing patient expectations and outcomes in POP management.