Clinical characteristics of cerebral hemorrhage with bilateral sudden deafness as the first symptom

To summarize and analyze the clinical data of 12 Chinese patients of cerebral hemorrhage with bilateral sudden deafness as the first symptom and to explore the relationship between cerebral hemorrhage and bilateral sudden deafness.

Retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients, including age, clinical manifestations, location of cerebral hemorrhage, hearing loss, and recovery.

The average age of onset in 12 patients was 53.92 years, 9 had a history of hypertension, 7 had a history of stroke, and 6 had typical stroke symptoms. There were 7 cases of basal ganglia hemorrhage; 2 cases of cerebellum hemorrhage; and 1 case of pontine hemorrhage, temporal lobe hemorrhage, and thalamus infarction. The auditory brainstem evoked potential test results of 3 patients were normal, and 5 of 6 patients who completed pure tone audiometry had hearing impairment. Five out of 9 patients had basically or completely recovered hearing.

The results showed that patients were mostly middle-aged and elderly with no typical stroke symptoms, and a history of stroke and hypertension increased the risk of hearing loss. The cause of hearing loss in patients with cerebral hemorrhage may be related to the damage of the hearing conduction pathway or (and) the lack of blood supply to the central auditory nervous system. Detecting hearing impairment in time and actively intervening can help most patients to improve their hearing significantly. The degree of hearing damage and recovery is related to the bleeding site, the amount of bleeding, and the timely treatment.