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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Automated mitral valve vortex ring extraction from 4D-flow MRI.

Corina Kräuter1,2, Ursula Reiter2, Clemens Reiter2

  • 1Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

An automated method accurately extracts the mitral valve (MV) vortex ring from cardiac MRI, revealing its importance in diastolic dysfunction for patients with heart disease.

Keywords:
4D-flowQ criterionblood flowleft ventriclemitral valve vortex ringvortex parameter

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • The mitral valve (MV) vortex ring plays a crucial role in left ventricular (LV) diastolic function.
  • Accurate analysis of the MV vortex ring requires robust computational methods.
  • Existing methods for MV vortex ring analysis can be labor-intensive and prone to variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an automated method for extracting and analyzing the temporal evolution of the MV vortex ring from 4D-flow MRI data.
  • To assess the algorithm's robustness against variations in LV segmentation.
  • To investigate the quantitative differences in MV vortex ring parameters between healthy individuals and patients with ischemic heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the divergence-free component of the velocity vector field for Q-criterion based identification and tracking of the MV vortex ring core and region.
  • Applied the algorithm to 4D-flow MRI data from 20 subjects (10 healthy, 10 ischemic heart disease patients).
  • Validated the automated method against visual analysis and assessed its sensitivity to manual LV segmentation.

Main Results:

  • The algorithm successfully extracted MV vortex rings throughout the cardiac cycle, showing substantial agreement with visual analysis (Cohen's kappa = 0.77).
  • Vortex cores and regions were robustly detected even with static LV segmentation (Dice coefficients 0.82 ± 0.08 for core, 0.94 ± 0.02 for region).
  • Significant differences in early diastolic MV vortex ring vorticity and kinetic energy were observed between healthy controls and patients, correlating strongly with transmitral peak velocities.

Conclusions:

  • An automated, robust method for temporal MV vortex ring extraction from 4D-flow MRI is presented.
  • Quantitative analysis of MV vortex ring parameters highlights its significance in LV diastolic (dys)function.
  • The method demonstrates resilience to variations in LV segmentation, facilitating clinical application.