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Measles surveillance in Canada: 2018
Cameron Coulby1, Francesca Reyes Domingo1, Joanne Hiebert2
1Centre for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.
Canada maintained its measles elimination status in 2018, reporting 29 cases, mostly imported. Ongoing surveillance and vaccination efforts are crucial to prevent re-establishment of endemic measles transmission.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Canada has maintained measles elimination since 1998.
- Annual verification of elimination status is presented to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an epidemiologic summary of measles activity in Canada for 2018.
- To present evidence supporting the continued verification of measles elimination.
Main Methods:
- Data from the Canadian Measles and Rubella Surveillance System (CMRSS) were analyzed.
- Descriptive analyses of demographics, risk factors, and outbreak characteristics were performed.
- Genotypic analyses and evaluation against PAHO criteria were conducted.
Main Results:
- 29 measles cases were reported in 2018, with an incidence rate of 0.8 per million population.
- 16 cases were imported, and five led to further domestic transmission.
- Canada met or partially met three of PAHO's four essential criteria for elimination.
Conclusions:
- No evidence of re-established endemic measles transmission was found.
- Importations and areas with low vaccination coverage pose challenges.
- Canada continues to maintain its measles elimination status.
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