Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

4.4K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
4.4K
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

274
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
274
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

41.3K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
41.3K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

730
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
730
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.3K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.3K
Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological01:19

Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological

451
Biological factors significantly impact drug metabolism, influencing drug clearance, efficacy, and potential toxicity.
Species differences: Variations in enzyme systems across species can cause disparities in drug metabolism. For instance, humans may metabolize certain drugs faster than rodents, altering therapeutic effects.
Strain differences: Genetic variations within a species can result in differing enzyme activity, impacting drug response and toxicity. For example, some mouse strains may...
451

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sleep, circadian, and mental health in neurodivergent neurotypes: Lived experience perspective on the research landscape and roadmaps.

Sleep·2026
Same author

Associations of ADHD traits, sleep/circadian factors, depression and quality of life.

BMJ mental health·2025
Same author

Fractal biomarker of daily activity for women with early onset depression.

BMJ mental health·2025
Same author

Daytime eating during simulated night work mitigates changes in cardiovascular risk factors: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

The sleep-circadian interface: A window into mental disorders.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Daytime eating prevents mood vulnerability in night work.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

12.5K

Circadian misalignment: A biological basis for mood vulnerability in shift work.

Sarah L Chellappa1,2

  • 1Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Medical Chronobiology Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Night shift work increases the risk of mental illness. Circadian misalignment, a disruption of the body

Keywords:
behavioural interventionscircadian misalignmentcircadian systemmoodshift worksleep

More Related Videos

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
10:16

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

8.9K
Circadian Entrainment of Drosophila Melanogaster
07:12

Circadian Entrainment of Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: June 3, 2020

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

12.5K
Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
10:16

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

8.9K
Circadian Entrainment of Drosophila Melanogaster
07:12

Circadian Entrainment of Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: June 3, 2020

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology and its impact on mental health.
  • Neuroscience of mood regulation.
  • Gut-brain axis in psychiatric conditions.

Background:

  • Night shift work is prevalent, affecting approximately 20% of the workforce.
  • Epidemiological studies link night shift work to a 25-30% increased risk of mental illnesses like depression and anxiety.
  • The socioeconomic burden of these mental health issues is significant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore potential biological mechanisms underlying mood vulnerability in shift workers.
  • To identify how shift work negatively affects mood, aiding in understanding increased risk for mood disturbances.
  • To discuss the role of the circadian system and circadian misalignment in shift worker mental health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epidemiological studies.
  • Analysis of human laboratory studies on shift work and circadian misalignment.
  • Inclusion of animal preclinical research on circadian disruption and its effects.

Main Results:

  • Circadian misalignment, the desynchronization between the biological clock and daily behaviors, negatively impacts mood and cortical activity.
  • Preclinical animal studies demonstrate that circadian disruption affects the brain-gut axis, a key regulator of mood.
  • Disruption of the brain-gut axis by circadian misalignment can alter essential mood-regulating metabolites.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian misalignment is identified as a primary mechanism contributing to mood disturbances in shift workers.
  • Understanding circadian misalignment's role is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Sleep and circadian behavioral interventions hold potential for improving quality of life and mood in shift workers.