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Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is unique clothing or equipment worn by an employee to minimize or prevent exposure to infectious agents. PPE creates a barrier between the employee and the infectious materials. PPE must be readily available in the patient care area. PPE includes gloves, gowns and aprons, masks and respirators, goggles, face shields, shoes, and headcovers:

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning

Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings II: Doffing

The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.

Administering Oxygen by Mask

Administering Oxygen by Mask

Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects

Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects

Published on: February 12, 2021

Testing PPE: Are DIY Masks a Viable Alternative to Address Shortages?

|June 20, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic created a critical shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE). Increased manufacturing is promised, but healthcare providers face ongoing low supplies.

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Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

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Published on: May 4, 2021

Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Medical Supply Chain Management

Background:

The global COVID-19 pandemic necessitates robust infection control measures.
Healthcare providers require adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent viral exposure.
A significant shortage of PPE has been identified as a critical issue.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the urgent need for personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
To highlight the gap between increased PPE production commitments and immediate supply availability for healthcare professionals.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the current global pandemic situation and its impact on healthcare resources.
Identification of critical supply shortages, specifically personal protective equipment (PPE).
Review of manufacturer responses and production increase commitments.

Main Results:

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential for healthcare worker safety during the COVID-19 crisis.
While manufacturers like 3M have pledged increased production, significant delays in supply are anticipated.
Healthcare providers continue to face critically low levels of PPE.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities in the personal protective equipment (PPE) supply chain.
Immediate and sustained efforts are required to bridge the gap between PPE demand and supply.
Ensuring adequate PPE for healthcare workers is paramount to managing the ongoing health crisis.