Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 18, 2025
10:36
Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
Published on: May 21, 2020
14.7K
PpAOX regulates ER stress tolerance in Physcomitrella patens
Yunhong Liu1, Qianyuan Gong1, Jiaxian He1
1Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
Journal of Plant Physiology
|June 20, 2020
Summary
The moss Physcomitrella patens alternative oxidase (PpAOX) helps plants cope with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Overexpressing PpAOX enhances tolerance, while knocking it out reduces resistance to ER stress.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Stress Physiology
Background:
- Severe environmental conditions disrupt protein homeostasis, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
- Alternative oxidase (AOX) is crucial for plant adaptation to abiotic stresses, but its role in ER stress remains unclear.
- Previous research identified PpAOX's involvement in salt tolerance in Physcomitrella patens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of PpAOX in modulating ER stress tolerance in P. patens.
- To determine if PpAOX contributes to maintaining redox homeostasis under ER stress conditions.
Main Methods:
- Induction of ER stress using tunicamycin (Tm) in P. patens.
- Analysis of PpAOX gene expression and protein levels under Tm treatment.
- Generation and characterization of PpAOX knockout (PpAOX KO) and PpAOX-overexpressing (PpAOX OX) P. patens lines.
- Complementation of Arabidopsis AOX1a mutant (Ataox1a) with PpAOX.
Main Results:
- Tm treatment induced severe growth inhibition and developmental defects in P. patens gametophytes.
- PpAOX and ER stress-responsive genes were upregulated by Tm.
- PpAOX KO plants showed reduced Tm tolerance, while PpAOX OX lines exhibited enhanced tolerance.
- PpAOX was found to contribute to redox homeostasis under Tm stress.
- PpAOX successfully restored Tm sensitivity in the Arabidopsis Ataox1a mutant.
Conclusions:
- PpAOX plays a significant role in regulating ER stress tolerance in P. patens.
- PpAOX contributes to maintaining cellular redox balance during ER stress.
- The findings reveal a conserved function of AOX in ER stress response across plant species.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:30Other Stress Responses in Bacteria
259
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
259
01:31Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.9K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.9K
01:23Stringent Response in E. coli
209
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
209
02:04Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
30.6K
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
30.6K
01:37The Unfolded Protein Response
6.1K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
6.1K
02:02Responses to Salt Stress
14.1K
Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
14.1K