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Nanoparticles' properties modify cell type-dependent distribution in immune cells.

John Youshia1, Mohamed Ehab Ali2, Valentin Stein3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine
|June 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physicochemical properties of polymeric nanoparticles influence immune cell association. Cell activation state, not particle properties, primarily dictates nanoparticle distribution patterns in tissues.

Keywords:
DistributionFlow cytometryImmune cellsParticle sizePolymeric nanoparticlesSurface charge

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Polymeric nanoparticles offer passive targeting of inflamed tissues.
  • Understanding nanoparticle interaction with immune cells is crucial for drug delivery.
  • The impact of nanoparticle physicochemical properties on immune cell distribution remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how nanoparticle size and surface charge affect immune cell association.
  • To determine the influence of immune cell activation state on nanoparticle distribution.
  • To elucidate the relationship between nanoparticle properties, cell activation, and tissue targeting.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polyvinyl acetate nanoparticles with varying sizes (100, 300 nm) and surface charges (cationic, non-ionic, anionic).
  • Incubation of nanoparticles with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated and unactivated murine splenocytes.
  • Flow cytometry analysis to quantify nanoparticle association with macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, and T cells.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticle association followed the order: cationic > anionic > non-ionic and 300 nm > 100 nm.
  • Ionic nanoparticles showed higher association with unactivated macrophages (40%) compared to activated macrophages (25%).
  • Non-ionic nanoparticles exhibited significant distribution among macrophages, with 60% for 100 nm and 40% for 300 nm particles in both activated and unactivated states.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle physicochemical properties significantly impact the quantity of nanoparticles associating with immune cells.
  • The distribution pattern of nanoparticles among immune cells is primarily determined by the cell activation state.
  • Findings suggest a disease-dependent distribution pattern for therapeutic nanoparticles, influencing targeted drug delivery strategies.