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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation01:23

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Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Introduction to the Integumentary System01:25

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The integumentary system is the organ system that comprises the skin and its associated structures. It is the largest system in the human body and plays a crucial role in protecting and maintaining homeostasis. The integumentary system serves several functions including protection, regulation, sensation, and secretion.
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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Itch in Organs Beyond the Skin.

Rachel Shireen Golpanian1, Peter Smith2, Gil Yosipovitch3

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, and Itch Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|June 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Itchy conditions affecting eyes, ears, nose, and genitals involve complex mechanisms similar to skin itch. Further research is needed to understand these non-skin itch causes and develop effective therapies.

Keywords:
EarsEyesGenitalsItchNosePruritus

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Itch (pruritus) commonly affects the skin but can also involve other organs like eyes, ears, nose, and the genital region.
  • These non-skin itchy conditions have diverse causes, including dermatological diseases, allergic reactions, and neuropathic issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms, causes, and potential therapies for itchy conditions affecting organs beyond the skin.
  • To highlight the current understudied nature of non-skin itch and advocate for further research.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on itch mechanisms in non-skin locations.
  • It examines conditions such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and neuropathic conditions contributing to itch.

Main Results:

  • Itch in these areas involves complex interactions between epithelial cells, nerve fibers, and cytokines, mirroring skin itch.
  • Neural sensitization plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of non-skin itch.
  • Causes range from extended skin diseases to allergic and neuropathic conditions, with psychological factors also implicated.

Conclusions:

  • Non-skin itch is a complex phenomenon involving intricate biological pathways and multiple contributing factors.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted treatments for millions affected by these conditions.
  • Further investigation into the pathophysiology of itch in the eyes, ears, nose, and genital region is warranted.