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Relationship between ABO blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19

Yuqin Wu1, Zhicai Feng2, Peng Li1

  • 1Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|June 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with blood group A showed an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection, while blood group O was associated with a decreased risk. This suggests a correlation between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has presented unique challenges in understanding disease transmission and risk factors.
  • ABO blood group system is a well-known factor influencing susceptibility to various infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of ABO blood groups among patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To determine if there is an association between specific ABO blood types and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To explore potential correlations between ABO blood groups and clinical characteristics in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 187 COVID-19 patients.
  • Comparison of ABO blood group distribution between COVID-19 patients and a control group of 1991 individuals.
  • Statistical analysis to assess the relationship between blood type and COVID-19 risk and clinical features.

Main Results:

  • Blood group A was significantly more prevalent in COVID-19 patients (36.90%) compared to the control group (27.47%).
  • Blood group O was significantly less prevalent in COVID-19 patients (21.92%) compared to the control group (30.19%).
  • Individuals with blood group A had a higher risk of COVID-19 infection (OR=1.849), while blood group O showed a decreased risk (OR=0.649).

Conclusions:

  • ABO blood group A is associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • ABO blood group O is associated with a decreased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • ABO blood group distribution correlates with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and certain clinical characteristics in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
ABO blood groupCOVID-19Clinical characteristics

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