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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay
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How does Malus crabapple resist ozone? Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses.

Shuqing Wu1, Yao Wang1, Junkang Zhang1

  • 1College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, 271000, China; State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Tai-An, 271000, China.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
|June 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ozone (O3) exposure damages apple leaves, affecting chlorophyll and activating defense genes. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment mitigates damage by boosting flavonoid production, enhancing plant resistance to this air pollutant.

Keywords:
MetabolomicsMethyl jasmonateMolecular mechanismOzonePhysiological mechanismTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ozone (O3) is a widespread toxic air pollutant impacting plant health.
  • Understanding plant responses to O3 is crucial for agriculture and environmental management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological and molecular effects of O3 exposure on 'Hongjiu' crabapple (Malus).
  • To explore the defense mechanisms of Malus crabapple against O3 stress.
  • To evaluate the protective role of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in mitigating O3 damage.

Main Methods:

  • Physiological measurements (chlorophyll, anthocyanin, antioxidant enzymes).
  • Transcriptomic analysis to identify responsive genes (e.g., phospholipase A, McWRKY75, McERF019).
  • Metabolomic analysis to understand metabolic pathway alterations under O3 and MeJA treatments.

Main Results:

  • O3 exposure at 300 nL L-1 for 3 hours caused visible leaf damage and altered pigment content.
  • Key genes involved in stress response, including transcription factors (McWRKY75) and ethylene response factors, were upregulated.
  • MeJA treatment, particularly at 200 μmol L-1, reduced O3-induced damage by activating the flavonoid metabolic pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Malus crabapple exhibits complex defense responses to O3, involving antioxidant systems and specific gene regulation.
  • The flavonoid metabolic pathway plays a significant role in O3 stress resistance.
  • Exogenous MeJA can be an effective strategy to enhance crabapple tolerance to ozone pollution.