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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:20

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Non-coding RNAs as emerging targets for crop improvement.

Aarohi Summanwar1, Urmila Basu1, Habibur Rahman1

  • 1Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology
|June 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of plant gene expression and immunity. Understanding lncRNAs can help improve crop tolerance to biotic stresses, enhancing food security.

Keywords:
Biotic stressClimate changeFood insecurityLong non-coding RNAsNon-coding RNAsPhytopathogensmicroRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Genomics
  • Crop science

Background:

  • Food security is threatened by climate change and biotic stresses.
  • Traditional breeding and genetic engineering aim to enhance crop resistance.
  • Next-generation sequencing reveals the importance of non-coding genomic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in plants.
  • To explore the mechanisms and regulatory functions of lncRNAs in biotic stress responses.
  • To provide insights into utilizing lncRNAs for improving crop stress tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on lncRNAs and biotic stress in plants.
  • Analysis of the role of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation at transcriptional and translational levels.
  • Examination of lncRNA involvement in plant immunity and adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including lncRNAs, are crucial for regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses.
  • lncRNAs play significant roles in plant immunity and adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses.
  • lncRNAs function through various mechanisms to regulate gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are vital regulators of plant responses to biotic stresses.
  • Further research into lncRNAs offers potential for developing stress-resilient crops.
  • Harnessing lncRNA knowledge can contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security.