Co-driving: Passenger actions and distractions.

Area of Science:

• Human Factors and Ergonomics
• Transportation Safety
• Cognitive Psychology

Background:

• While mobile phone use while driving is known to be distracting and unsafe, epidemiological studies indicate that driving with a passenger is associated with a lower crash risk compared to driving alone.
• Limited research has explored the positive contributions of passengers to driving safety and efficiency, with a historical focus on potential distractions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the interactive dynamics between drivers and passengers during car journeys.
• To identify how passengers can assist drivers, thereby potentially enhancing road safety and journey efficiency.

Main Methods:

• A survey was conducted to gather data on common passenger actions and drivers' perceptions of their helpfulness.
• An on-road observational study was performed to record and analyze real-time driver-passenger interactions during driving.

Main Results:

• Drivers reported several areas where passenger assistance is perceived as highly beneficial, although these helpful actions are not always frequently exhibited.
• The on-road study highlighted notable gender differences in the provision and solicitation of driving support between drivers and passengers.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the multifaceted roles passengers play can inform strategies to improve road safety, particularly for inexperienced drivers.
• Passenger support, when effectively utilized, can be a significant factor in mitigating driving risks and improving overall journey outcomes.