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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Dynamic Inter-subject Functional Connectivity Reveals Moment-to-Moment Brain Network Configurations Driven by Continuous or Communication Paradigms
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Identifying commonality and specificity across psychosis sub-groups via classification based on features from dynamic

Yuhui Du1, Hui Hao2, Shuhua Wang2

  • 1School of Computer & Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Neuroimage. Clinical
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PubMed
Summary

Dynamic functional connectivity reveals common and unique brain impairments in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis. This biological evidence aids in distinguishing these overlapping conditions.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderDynamic functional connectivityFunctional magnetic resonance imagingIndependent component analysisSchizoaffective disorderSchizophrenia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Schizophrenia (SZ), schizoaffective disorder (SAD), and bipolar disorder with psychosis (BPP) are clinically challenging to differentiate due to overlapping symptoms.
  • Objective biological markers are needed to support current symptom-based diagnostic categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate biological evidence for distinguishing SZ, SAD, and BPP using dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) measures.
  • To identify common and unique brain functional connectivity alterations across these disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 623 subjects (including patients and healthy controls).
  • Computation of whole-brain DFC using a sliding-window technique and decomposition-based DFC analysis.
  • Classification of clinical groups using support vector machines with DFC features.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 69% four-group and >80% pair-wise classification accuracy for overall accuracy.
  • Achieved 66% four-group and >80% pair-wise classification accuracy for balanced accuracy.
  • Identified common impairments (e.g., thalamus-cerebellum, postcentral gyrus-thalamus) and unique alterations (e.g., temporal, frontal gyrus) across disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic functional connectivity provides biological evidence supporting distinct yet overlapping neural impairments in SZ, SAD, and BPP.
  • DFC measures offer potential biomarkers for differentiating these complex psychiatric conditions.
  • Findings highlight specific brain connectivity patterns associated with each disorder group.