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KAMBÔ: an Amazonian enigma.

Vidal Haddad Junior¹, Itamar Alves Martins²

¹Department of Dermatology, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State, Brazil.

Journal of Venom Research

|June 23, 2020

Summary

Giant Monkey Frog secretions, known as Kambô, offer potential therapeutic peptides but pose risks outside traditional Amazonian use. Further research is needed, with caution advised for non-indigenous applications due to adverse effects.

Keywords:

Frog venoms amphibians indigenous medicine pharmacological and toxicological phenomena toxinology

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Ethnobotany
Toxicology

Background:

Giant Monkey Frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) secretions are traditionally used in Amazonian indigenous communities for health and vitality.
These secretions contain bioactive peptides with significant physiological effects, including analgesic and stress-response mimicking properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the chemical composition of Phyllomedusa bicolor secretions.
To understand the pharmacological actions of identified peptides.
To assess the risks associated with the non-traditional, global use of Kambô therapy.

Main Methods:

Literature review of scientific research on Phyllomedusa bicolor secretions.
Analysis of reported pharmacological effects of key peptides like phyllomedusin, phyllokinin, caerulein, sauvagine, dermorphin, and deltorphin.
Examination of safety considerations and adverse events associated with Kambô use.

Main Results:

Key peptides identified include phyllomedusin, phyllokinin, caerulein, sauvagine, dermorphin, and deltorphin.
These peptides exhibit diverse actions: smooth muscle effects, hypotension, increased secretions, stress mimicry, and potent analgesia via opiate receptors.
Global, non-traditional use has led to severe adverse effects and fatalities, contrasting with safer traditional application.

Conclusions:

Phyllomedusa bicolor secretions contain pharmacologically potent substances with potential therapeutic applications.
The global expansion of Kambô use outside its cultural context presents significant safety concerns and necessitates regulatory oversight.