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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

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Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

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Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
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Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis01:46

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

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In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
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Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
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Constructing an Adaptive Heterojunction as a Highly Active Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Xiao Ren1, Chao Wei1,2, Yuanmiao Sun1

  • 1School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 23, 2020
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Summary

Highly active catalysts for water splitting were designed using electrochemically delithiated LiNiO2. This facilitates superoxo/peroxo-like species formation, enhancing oxygen evolution reaction activity.

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adaptive junctionscyclingdelithiationoxygen evolutionreconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Green Energy Technology

Background:

  • Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for green energy, but the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) demands high overpotential due to O-O bond formation.
  • Highly active OER catalysts often involve anionic redox chemistry, forming superoxo/peroxo-like (O2)n- species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a highly active catalyst for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity.
  • To investigate the role of superoxo/peroxo-like species in OER catalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical delithiation of LiNiO2 to create a novel catalyst.
  • Surface reconstruction analysis to understand catalyst behavior under OER conditions.
  • Characterization of the delithiated-LiNiO2/NiOOH heterojunction.

Main Results:

  • Electrocatalyst design: Electrochemically delithiated LiNiO2 facilitates the formation of superoxo/peroxo-like (O2)n- species (NiOO*).
  • Surface reconstruction forms an adaptive heterojunction (delithiated-LiNiO2/NiOOH) that enhances OER activity.
  • Lithium vacancies in delithiated-LiNiO2 optimize the electronic structure of NiOOH, stabilizing NiOO* species.

Conclusions:

  • The delithiated-LiNiO2/NiOOH heterojunction exhibits superior OER activity due to stable NiOO* formation.
  • This study offers new insights into designing advanced catalysts for efficient water oxidation by stabilizing anionic redox species.